The fourth king of Bhutan,Jigme Singye Wangchuck (reign,1972～2006 declared. “Gross National Happiness is more important than Gross National Product”, after the fifth nonaligned countries congress at Colombo in 1976. After that GNH is the symbol of Management of Bhutanese Administration, in 1990’s, GNH has the four strategic goals; Economic self-reliance, Environmental preservation, Culture promotion, and Good Governance. In 2006,CBS (Centre for Bhutan Studies) Showed 9GNH indicators. 1) Psychological Well-being, 2) Health of the population, 3) Education, 4) Cultural diversity, 5) Community Vitality, 6) Ecological diversity and resilience, 7) Time Use and balance, 8) Living standard (imcome), 9) Good Governance. And CBS of Bhutan Practiced, GNH Survey 3 Times. And second survey demonstrate Bhutan is changing economically growth, and urbanization and growth of young population. On the Other hand Ladakh is same religious culture with Bhutan. But Ladakh is not independent country now. So Urbanization, globalization crush the culture of Ladakh. Bhutan is independent country,so,urbanization, globalization cannot crush Bhutanese culture. This is the Conclusion of Comparison of Two countries.
雑誌名
比較文明研究
雑誌名(英)
Journal for the Comparative Study of Civilizations
ブータンの世紀の実験｢ ＧＮＨ（国民総幸福）による国づくり」の実態と今後 ラダックと比較して
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033-057 大橋照枝
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