@article{oai:reitaku.repo.nii.ac.jp:00000155,
 author = {大橋, 照枝 and Ohashi, Terue},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {麗澤経済研究, Reitaku International Journal of Economic Studies},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Sustainable welfare indicator HSM (Human Satisfaction Measure) including Triple bottom line(Society, Environment and Economy) was proposed by Ohashi in 2000 and developed from Ver. 1, Ver. 2-(1), Ver. 2-(2), Ver. 3-(1), Ver. 3-(2), Ver. 4,Ver. 5 (figure 1-7) with help of Dr.Hong Nguyen and Professor Nobuyuki Kimata.Ver. 4 and Ver. 5 of HSM, Ohashi introduced weighting research of 6 categories (Labor,Health, Education, Gender, Environment and Income) using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method, in Japan(2007), in Sweden(2008), named "Questionnaire on Ideal Society Part I".Ohashi included one open-ended question "What is your ideal Society?" both in Japan and Sweden. Using the text mining software named True Teller; of Nomura Research Institute, Ltd., analyzing the open-ended answers of both countries to "words mapping" (figure9, 10). Ohashi found the interesting results. The keywords mutually found in both countries are "environmental consciousness" and "stability of life". The keywords appeared only in Japan is"society without gap" and only in Sweden "democracy", "equality" and "education".Triple bottom line is indispensable factor for social sustainability, but "democracy" is also important as sustainable healthy society, as emphasized in the training course of OECD in Kyoto March 25-27, 2009.
Consequently, Ohashi performed the research "Questionnaire on Ideal Society Part II" in Sweden and Japan in May 2009.
In the research, Ohashi included one-open ended question, "What kinds of aspects of your country do you like most?" in the questionnaire of both countries.Analyzing the answer using True Teller; as word mapping ( figure 11, 12 ), the keywords appeared in both countries are quite different.In Sweden, "Democracy", "Freedom of speech" and "Equality" were the keywords of the most favorite aspects of their country. In Japan, " Nature ", " Environment ", " Peace " and"Culture" are the aspects Japanese respondents liked most about their country.Swedish respondents appreciate the foundation of their country that people depend upon, while Japanese appreciate the aspect of software of their country and they are not aware the foundation why they can enjoy the software.Sweden has about 100 years of history of democracy while Japan got democracy after the defeat of World War II with the help of GHQ (General Headquarters). So there is big delay in democratic thinking in Japan compared to Sweden, and it makes unhappy phenomenon in Japanese sustainability.Such findings Ohashi got from the research.Ohashi concluded that in order to increase the HSM value of Japan, the key issue is to raise the consciousness of democracy in Japanese society, especially in politics.Because if in Japan, democracy will fully function in politics and management, the performance of triple bottom line of Japan should be increased to raise the HSM value.},
 pages = {9--33},
 title = {Democracy as the Indicator of Sustainability -From the research of "Questionnaire on Ideal Society Part II" in Japan and Sweden-},
 volume = {18},
 year = {2010},
 yomi = {オオハシ, テルエ}
}